The area of Cu Chi was one of the most pro-communist districts in the far south; indeed the VC used the tunnels to organize the 1968 Tet Offensive. During the Vietnam War the entire area of Cu Chi was designated a free fire zone and was heavily bombarded: you can still see numerous craters caused by 500 pounds of  B52bombs.
It was this persistent bombing campaign that drove many of the residents of Cu Chitogetherwith the Viet Cong underground. Originally the tunnels had been created asfar back as 1948 to help combat the French. Now they were rapidly expanded toinclude innumerable trap doors, specially constructed living areas, storage facilities, weapons factories, field hospitals, command centres, kitchens and even schools.
Today the remaining tunnels of this intricate network have been widened to accommodate the larger western frame and have now become a major tourist attraction giving the visitor a unique experience of what underground life in the Vietnam war must have been like and a deep appreciation of the courage and ingenuity of the Vietnamese people.